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cortes
Posted by john quirindongo cortes <johnqu@aol.com> on Wed, 17 Jun 2009, in response to Hebrew Hispanic History & The Meaning of Cortez, posted by Yaron Cortez on Wed, 28 Nov 2007
CORTES yDNA/SURNAME GENEALOGYIrish>Puerto Rican Historical background:
The English Armada (also known as the Counter Armada, or the Drake-Norris Expedition) was a fleet of warships sent to the Iberian coast by Queen Elizabeth I of England in 1589, during the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604). Sir Francis as admiral led it and Sir John as general, and failed to drive home the advantage England had won upon the dispersal debacle of the Spanish Armada in the previous year =1588. The English Armada campaign 1589 resulted in failure and eventually to an English withdrawal with heavy losses for both sides in lives and ships with wide desertion leaving many of the Catholic Irish soldiers and Catholic Irish deckhands to change sides and willingly become stranded in Catholic Spain.
The Anglo-Spanish war was very costly to both sides, and Spain itself, fighting a three (3) front war including also France and the United Provinces, another name for the Dutch Republic (1581–1795) now the Netherlands, had to default on its debt repayments in 1596, following another English raid on Cadiz.
The colossal failure of the English Armada war of attrition was a costly stalemate, and the fortunes of the various warring parties to this complicated conflict fluctuated until the Treaty of London in 1604, when a lasting peace was signed.
Irish Catholics working as deckhands and soldiers were out of the loop, overlooked for promotion, always at odds with English Protestants who were their superior officers.... Stranded either in Spain, France or Holland, most Catholic Irish soldiers and Catholic Irish deck hands volunteered to go to Spain's Catholic new world as soldiers and seamen. Spain's rebuilt navy had quickly recovered and because of the Irish volunteers exceeded its former numerical preponderance at sea and new world colonies.
Many Irishmen, who were known as "Wild Geese", fled the English Army and joined the Spanish Army.
Some of these expatriate Irishmen were stationed in the NEW WORLD and remained there and in Puerto Rico after their military service to Spain was completed.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_of_the_Wild_Geese
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nq9Gzc0KkxE
http://www.cowboylyrics.com/lyrics/laine-frankie/cry-of-the-wild-goose-12554.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Gilkyson
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardo_O'Higgins
Spain sent five (5) ships with spaniards. WILD GEESE professional soldiers and professional O'Neill officers in 1650 to successfully recapture St Croix from the British and later Spain sent the highly regarded professional soldier EL MARQUES del NORTE Don Arturo O’Neyll de Tyrone y O’Kelly and his Hibernian Regiment coterie to PR.
Haplogroup: R1b1b2a1a4 (fully tested) 67 markers
Cortes Haplogroup: R1b1b2 (25 markers)
http://www.freewebs.com/mileshispaniae/oneillsinthemilitary.htm
http://www.freewebs.com/mileshispaniae/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O'Neills_of_Puerto_Rico
Irishmen such as Field Marshal Alejandro O'Reilly and Colonel Tomas O'Daly were sent to the island to reorganize and revamp the capital at San Juan's fortifications. This led to an influx of hundreds of more Irish immigration to the island. In 1797, the appointed governor of Puerto Rico, Ramón de Castro, ordered the expulsion of the Irish from Puerto Rico which led to protests from the local people of the island.
Many Irishmen survived the witch-hunt created by Ramón de Castro and continued to live in Puerto Rico.
The Spanish government modified the Royal Decree of homestead land grants of 1815 (Cedula de Gracias) to encourage Europeans of non-Hispanic origin to immigrate and populate the last two remaining Spanish possessions in the "New World", Puerto Rico and Cuba. Many Irish refugees who fled Ireland because of the Irish Potato Famine of the 1840s which killed over one million Irish people were either stationed as military or immigrated to Puerto Rico (and the Caribbean) over a span of three (3) hundred yrs beginning about 1600. These settlers were instrumental in the development of the island's sugar industry and coffee industry which were vital to the islands economy at that time.
After Puerto Rico was ceded to the United States by Spain as a consequence of the Spanish-American War, many soldiers of Irish-American descent stationed in the island intermarried with the locals and established their homes there. In the early 1700s Irish influence in Puerto Rico was considerable and not limited to their earlier 1600s contributions to the island's agricultural sugar, coffee and tobacco industries; they have also influenced the fields of education and politics in the 1800s to the present.
Some documented Irish ancestry in PR;
The following is a partial list of notable celebrity people of Puerto Rican descent with Irish ancestry and Irish surnames. This list also includes people of Puerto Rican and Irish descent born in the United States and Irishmen/women who recently and not so recently adopted Puerto Rico as their homeland.
Bithorn,Hiram PR MLB player 1942 - may be Dutch origin
Carthy Deu, Deborah - Miss Universe 1985
Class, Jose Miguel - singer
Cofer, Judith Ortiz - author
Coll, Edna - educator
Coll, Ivonne - actress
Coll y Cuchi, Jose - Founder PR Nationalist Party.
Coll y Toste, Cayetano - physician & poet
Cuchi Coll, Isabel - journalist
Conboy, Miguel - Founder of the PR tobacco trade
Dorough, Howie - Backstreet Boys member
Evans, Faith - A former Hawaii state legislator and the first woman in the United States to serve as a U.S. Mar.S._Marshal) shal
Ferrer, Miguel - actor (mother IrishAmerica)
Justice, Victoria - actress
Kelley, Kevin - boxer
Kennedy, Juan - Was the chief slave trader in the Puerto Rico area
Lowell, Mike - MLB player
Lowry, Desiree - Miss Puerto Rico (1995)
McClintock, Kenneth - President of the Senate of Puerto Rico
Migenes-Johnson, Julia - Soprano
Daly, Demetrio - delegate to the Spanish Parliament
O'Neill, Ana Maria - women's rights activist
O'Neill Garcia, Hector - Mayor Guaynabo, PR since 1993
O'Neill, Maria de Mater - artist, lithographer, and professor
Perkins Flores, Ada - Miss Puerto Rico (1978)
Power y Giralt, Ramon - admiral/politician
Richardson, Carmen Belen - actress
Riley, Sharon - actress/singer
Robison, Elizabeth - Miss Puerto Rico (1986)
Rockwell, James - USMC, Graduated from US Naval Academy 1933
Scannell Herb. former President of Nickelodeo
Simpson. Laurie Tamara Miss International1987
Vargas, Elizabeth television journalist
yDNA
How to read this chart:
The following is an example of how to correctly interpret your matches below:
You match srven (7) person out of 10,539 people from Ireland. Which is 0.1% of the population tested from Ireland.2 MARKER Y-DNA MATCHES
One Step Mutations
Country
Your Matches
Match Total
Country Total
Percentage
Ireland
7
-
7
10,539
0.1%
United Kingdom
1
-
1
8,325
< 0.1%
25 MARKER Y-DNA MATCHES
Two Step Mutations
Country
Your Matches
Match Total
Country Total
Percentage
Ireland
3
-
3
6779
< 0.1%
37 MARKER Y-DNA MATCHES
Robert C. Glennon (Y67) perfect match
Carlsbad, CA
Haplogroup R1b1b2 25 markerTests M269+
R1b1b2 This subclade is defined by the presence of the M269 marker.
“Recent” origin can be measured from hundreds to thousands of years also finds a twelve (12) marker close matches in Brescia, Italy 1 / 106 Stuttgart, Germany 2 / 453 and a one (1) step mutation eight (8) marker perfect match in the Pyrenees Spain.
In southern England, the frequency of R1b is about 70%, and in parts of north and western England, Portugal, Spain, France, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland the frequency of R1b is greater than 90%.
PAPER TRAIL
Maternal gfather Juan ARROYO CORTES 1887-1942 listed as “B” blanco (white) panadero (baker) in 1910 census
Entries below submitted by Jaime Cortes
Maternal ggfather Isaias CORTES Luciano listed as “B” blanco census 1910 (white) census 1910 born July 6, 1862 died circa 1916 Peñuelas PR
Maternal gg gfather Francisco CORTES Feliciano born Peñuelas PR abt. 1849 died February 15, 1916
Maternal ggg gfather Juan Francisco CORTES born Peñuelas PR abt 1800?
Maternal g ggg gfather Leonardo CORTES born Peñuelas 1775
maternal gg ggg gfather Cristobal CORTES born in Utuado PR 1754.
Paper trail CORTES begins yr 1754 – 165 yrs or eight> (8) generations AFTER the 1589 English Armada.
The yDNA Trail/thread predates 1400 in Ireland.
CONCLUSION:
Cortes Haplogroup: R1b1b2 (25 markers)
There are many unsupported claims about the CORTES surname GENEALOGY being Hebrew Sephardic but they are false cognates because scientific yDNA tests shows a strong unique Irish connection which trumps not only Sephardic but all other groundless non-Irish hypothesis.
The present day Iberian/PR surname CORTES is derived from the word “courteous” or “curt” in Spanish,,, similar to CURTIS which has the same meaning in English. Other cognates pertaining to the court or courtesan do not apply. In this case, the surname was originally the phonetic cognate Irish/English CURTIS verified PRIMARILY and SOLELY by the strong Irish yDNA evidence and the presence of a large Irish professional soldier-immigrant presence at a critical time pre1650 in PR history near Utuado PR. Cristobal Cortes was born in Utuado 1754 near Irish sugar plantation settlements at that time.
Therefore my maternal gfather's Haplogroup R1b1b2 yDNA perfect and close matches are found in profusion in Ireland and Europe followed by smaller quantities in South America, PR, NYC and North America at large. The Curtis/Cortes phenotype, culture, language and customs quickly changed in each area and over time became indistinguishable from the prevailing majority phenotypes.
The Haplogroup R1b1b2 and yDNA markers remained the same DEFINED by the SUBCLADE R-M269. As a rule, a few less important markers can be slightly mutated without changing the Haplogroup thread trail. The Anglo/Irish CURTIS surname suffered recent pre1754 Hispanic spelling changes from CURTIS to CORTES and CORTEZ.
The cryptic surname Bátiz used temporarily by Cortes once in the early 1800s is the Anglo/Irish BATES.
Recent Bátiz:
Ada Medina Bátiz - IGI 1926 Ponce, Puerto Rico,
Adelina Bátiz - IGI 1892 Ponce, Puerto Rico,
Agustin Cruz Bátiz - IGI 1905 Ponce, Puerto Rico,
Alfredo Bátiz -Jorge - IGI: 1897 Adjuntas, PR
Enrique Bátiz Campbell (born May 4, 1942 in Mexico City) one of the most famous orchestra conductors in Latin America, who has won international popularity and fame.
The large number of male Irish immigrants in Puerto Rico mated with Puerto Rican women in one (1) generation and adapted to the language and customs of the island thereby completely integrating themselves quickly into the society of their new homeland.
Today, with help from yDNA and the huge variety of Irish surnames, we can see the large Irish element of Puerto Rico is still very much in evidence.
Some surnames of Irish families in Puerto Rico
Anderson, Armstrong, Bates-Bátiz, Baxter, Butler, Cardiff, Carthy, Class. Curtis-Cortes, Coffey-Cofer. Coll, Coleman, Conboy, Conway, Cooper, Cotton, Davis, Darby, Doran-Duran-Durango, Finlay, Evans, Fitzpatrick, Fox, Gilbert, Guillan, Hayes, Henna, Justice, Kelly, Kennedy, Kiernan, Kierney, Kirwan, Knolt, Jones, Lean, Leffen, Lowell, Lowery, Lucas, Martin, McClintock, McCormick, McDougall, Monroe, Morgan, Murphy-Morfi, Norrifsei-Morrisey, Murray, Nagle, Neel-Neil, Noble, O'Brien, O'Dones-O'Donald, O'Daly, O'Ferral (O'Farrell), O'Neill, O'Reilly, Patterson, Perkins, Pemberton, Porter, Power, Quinlan, Richardson, Riley, Roberts, Robison, Rockwell, Scannell. Simpson, Skerret, Sullivan-Sólivan, Todd, Walker, Virne-Barney, Walker, Williams and Wilson.
http://www.ancestry.com/facts/Cortes-family-history.ashx
http://www.surnamedb.com/surname.aspx?name=Cortes
http://www.genealogyforum.com/messages/genbbs.cgi/New
http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Irish_immigration_to_Puerto_Rico
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_immigration_to_Puerto_Rico#Common_Irish_surnames_in_Puerto_Rico
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_diaspora#Puerto_Rico
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_immigration_to_Puerto_Rim
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_O'Reilly
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